Uzhnikovye ferns are one of the most mysterious plants. This family, along with the Triangle, also includes the horn fern. From the history of their occurrence it is only known that they are very ancient ancestors of the Paleozian ferns.
However, modern representatives of uzhovnikovs are significantly different from their ancestors.
Kinds
Hangman's Knife
Usually small sizes are 20–30 centimeters, but the species hangs in size from 2 to 4 meters.
This species of fern has a small rhizome with wide roots. On its sheets "snails" are not formed, which is uncharacteristic for ferns. On the rhizome, it grows 1-2 sheets per year.
The Kawamura
Japanese species of ferns. He has a very developed reduction of the vegetative part of the leaf.
Paltine Snacker
This snake has the nickname "fern hand". Grows predominantly in Florida. The plate of his sheet resembles a human hand. The stalks are very thick; water is stored in them. This species, with the help of water laid in the stem, can calmly survive the dry season.
Rattle Snack
This kind of uzhovnikovyh possesses neotenic tuberiform gametophytes. Its embryo develops at an accelerated pace. At first, the leaves and the point of growth of the shoot grow, after that it is already 1-2 roots. Gametophyte dies after some time, after the sheet becomes visible on the surface of the earth.
Mesh snake
A triad with a sufficiently large chromosome number (2n = 1260). Usually snakes have not very large number of chromosomes (2n = 90).
In turn, the mesh reducer has 2n = 1320; this the largest number of chromosomes among all existing plants.
A photo
For more photos of the Triangle Fern, see below:
Home care
Lighting
It is best to choose a place on the windowsill, but here you need to avoid places where the direct rays of the sun will fall on him.
Temperature
Uzhovnikovye- winter-hardy plants, therefore, they are not required to seek shelter for the winter. They can tolerate low temperatures up to 12 degrees.
Air humidity
If you are going to grow uzhovnikovy fern at home, then you should pay special attention to maintaining humidity in the room. This plant is very fond of moisture.
Dry air can destroy it. When the apartment includes batteries, try to keep the plant away from heating devices.
If possible, purchase special air humidifiers. Spray frequently with a spray bottle.
Watering
Since this plant loves moisture, the soil in the pot should always be very wet.
In case the earth dries out too much, yellowing of all leaves is possible. It is better not to water the plant from above; the ground at the base may not be fully wetted and drought will occur.
Irrigation leaves also fade from above. When watering is recommended to use soft and warm water.
Fertilizers (dressing)
Fertilizers can be using any complex mineral fertilizer. Before use, it must be half diluted. These ferns also respond well to organic fertilizers, such as mullein infusion.
Transfer
Uzhnikov very poor tolerate transplant. They settle down for a long time in a new place.
This is due to the fact that it is a mycorrhizal plant and in the process of its vital activity in the soil special symbiotic fungi are produced.
However, sometimes this fern needs a transplant. Suppose when the pot becomes small to him. In such cases, it is not recommended to clean the roots of the plant from the ground. It will be better if you use the old land with the addition of a new one.
In general, due to its small size and unusual shape, the prince is an ornamental plant and is well suited for growing at home.
Other indoor ferns include: Pelley, Pteris, Cirtomium, Asplenium, Adiantum, Davallia, Blehnum, Salvinia, Polypodium, Platiserium, Nephrolepis and Humulus.
Pruning
If some leaves are withered or yellowed, cut them at the base of the millet without injuring the healthy leaves.
Breeding
Disputes
Sporangia is a small shell in which there are spores of a fern. Sporangia are usually located very crowded and together form a sorus.
Soros can be seen without looking. The sporangia have a single-layer wall that surrounds it almost completely. After some time, the sporangia dries out and becomes brittle.
Due to the fact that the wall is more durable than the rest of the sporangium, the shell gradually opens. After the water pressure disappears completely, the sporangia shell bursts, and the fern spores fly out at high speed. The spores are very small and therefore the wind can carry them over long distances.
Tubers
If you transplant a strawberry, you can immediately separate the tuber from the main plant, and then immediately plant the tuber in the substrate. This type of breeding is very simple and is most often used.
Shoots
Shoots without leaves, rooting that you can get a new plant. Separated sprout should be pressed with wire to the substrate in another pot.
After transplantation, it is necessary to constantly keep the soil moist. Only after the shoots release the roots and take root to the soil you can take care of them as usual, before that be extremely careful.
Division
Rhizome divide when you decide to transplant plants. Spring is the best time for this. After separating the rhizome from the plant, plant the shoots in separate pots. Pots should be covered with a bag of polyethylene and put in a warm place. Water periodically.
Diseases and pests: methods of dealing with them
In order to avoid diseases, a restroom must be kept in the right conditions. In most cases, a plant that is in good conditions copes with pathogens on its own.
Spider mite
This parasite appears when the air in the room where the plant is standing is very dry. This tick weaves a web on fern stems, after which the leaves turn yellow and fall off.
Spider Tick Control Measures
Using a soft brush, remove the spider web from the plant, wash the stems with warm water. After that, you need to move the uzhovnik to a place with more humidity.
Aphids
Aphids most often damage the underside of the leaves and the tops of the fern. Damaged parts tend to turn yellow and curl.
Aphids control measures
Sprinkle damaged parts with a decis, derris, fitovert, aktellik or inta-vir. After the plant dries, wash the leaves with warm water.
Shchitovka
Shchitovki settle on the surface of the stems of leaves and leaves and suck the cell sap, after which the leaves dry out, lose their color and fall.
Measures to combat the shield
It is necessary to spray the damaged parts with a 0.15% actellic solution.
Conclusion
Uzhnikovye ferns are very unusual. In old times, various beliefs were associated with him: then people believed that he could help find the treasure.
In spite of the fact that it will not be possible to use a sniper in the household, it deserves attention and careful attitude.
