Semen Fedorovich Chernenko created a set of "Chernenko's Apple Calendar" which contains varieties of apples that have filled all the months after ripening.
This article will focus on the winter variety. Renete Chernenkowhich takes its place of honor in this calendar.
Description of the variety and photos in the article.
What kind is it?
Renet Chernenko - represents late winter industrial grade.
Apples can be stored in the fruit storage up to 235 days.
It is best to store apples in wooden boxes at a temperature from 0 to 2 ° C and high humidity 85-90%.
Check out other winter apple varieties: Lada, Cliff, Rennet Simirenko, Snowdrop, Gift of Grafsky, Persianka, Rozhdestvensky, Spartan, Starkrimson, Fuji, Krasa Sverdlovsk.
Pollination
The variety Renet Chernenko is partially self-pollinating, and the best varieties of apple pollinators that should be planted next to Rennet Chernenko are: Rennet golden Kursk, Striped Autumn, Pepinka Lithuanian, Welsey, Antonovka ordinary, Northern synapse.
Description variety Renet Chernenko
Renet Chernenko is a vigorous tree that will organically fit in the amateur garden.
Tree height on the 15th year of life makes up 4.8 meters with crown diameter in 5.4 m
The crown is hemispherical, rounded. To the middle of the tree is transparent and rare.
The branches are firmly attached to the trunk at an angle with a large degree. The bark of the tree is gray-green, and the shoots are red-brown, and closer to the trunk also become gray-green.
U Reneta Chernenko middle branching, and new shoots appear from the bud at the top of the increments of the previous year and from the next 2-3 buds, a few more buds form sheets, and the lowest ones remain in hibernation.
During the year of development, several shoots grow on fruit bags - a shortened, growth or leaf rosette. Occasionally two sockets are formed.
Crohn has many overgrown shoots - kolchatok, twigs, kopeytsev.
Fruits appear on last year's shootsmainly on twigs. The shoots themselves are not very thick, straight, with large rare lentils.
Leaves the trees of this variety a little larger than average. The color is dark green, the shape is a wide oval with a rounded base and a strongly pronounced upper tip.
The serration of the leaf is crenate, the leaf is slightly curved along the main vein, and its edges are slightly wavy. The leaves are located in relation to the shoots at an acute angle. The underside of the sheet is slightly pubescent, and the top is smooth and shiny.
The leaf stalk has the following characteristics: medium size, colored, pubescent, with narrow and small stipules.
Flowers of Rennet Chernenko apple trees: small, saucer-like. White, petals slightly wavy. Anthers below rylets on the floor a centimeter.
Fruits are formed from flowers with the following characteristics: size - large. Weight - 110-180 grams. Form - rounded flattened.
Fruits in one crop same shape and size.
The surface has a slight ribbing near the stem.
Painted elegantly yellowish green with a slight garnet or scarlet blush on the illuminated side.
The skin is not very thick, not rough, but dense, the surface is dull.
Subcutaneous points are present, but they are small and inconspicuous, there are corrosive points. Peduncle small, curved, thickened in the fruit bag. Funnel - orzhavlennaya, not deep, wide.
Cup larger than medium size, half open in a wide saucer with a slight ribbing. Seed nest small form - bulb, closed chambers without an axial cavity.
Podchashechnaya tubule does not connect with the nest, the shape is wide and funnel-shaped. Seeds medium-sized, dark, brown color. Pulp wine-sweet, with a pleasant strong aroma, white, dense, juicy, with high content of vitamin C.
Worked on breeding this variety S. F. Chernenko in the All-Russian Research Institute genetics and selection of fruit plants to them. I.V. Michurin.
A photo
Breeding history
Variety bred as a result of sowing seeds Reneta Pepenova from free pollination.
Semyon Fedorovich named it in honor N.I. Kichunovathat's why he wears Another name is Renet Kichunova.
The grade is entered in the State register in 1986.
Natural growth region
According to this registry, Rennet Chernenko can be bred in the following regions: Central, Central Black Earth, Middle Volga, Ural, Volga-Vyatka, North-West.
Areas of the most widespread varieties - Central Black Earth Zonemainly European part of Russia and Bashkortostan. In Bashkiria, winter resistance is not very high, slightly lower than that of Antonovka.
Yield
In all regions, Rennet Chernenko begins to bear fruit through 7-8 years after vaccination at the age of fifteen an apple tree gives harvest about 62 kgand at most 120 kg.
Crop is removed in September, and apples ripen in the bed in November and can be stored until the end of spring.
In order to have the highest harvest you need to know about the nuances of planting and caring for this apple variety.
Learn about high-yielding varieties of apple trees: Gala, Augusta, Winter Pear, Lyubava, Apple Spas, Stroyevskoye, Sokolovskoye, Bely Pour, Lobo, Pepinchik's Daughter.
Planting and care
Having learned about how to plant this variety correctly and how to properly care for it, you will be able to get the maximum yield for many years.
A few rules for proper planting of apple trees:
- Apple trees should be planted in spring, until the buds have blossomed, or in autumn - after the foliage has fallen.
- But in the autumn it needs to be done 2 weeks before first frost, because seedlings can not take root at low temperatures.
- If autumn is cold, then planting should be done in spring.
- If you purchase seedlings on the market, they should be transported, after placing in a mixture with clay and wrapped in a wet sacking.
After transportation, the roots should be shortened with the help of a secateur, but only skeletal rotten roots or affected by diseases, growths.
If the roots of the tree are dry, they are worth for several days before planting, place in water.
Important! In areas with clay soil or with closely located groundwater, the pit cannot be left open for a long time. It is better to plant trees in such soil only in spring.
If you live in the non-chernozem zone, the seedlings need to be planted in the spring, and in the autumn one should dig at the highest point of the plot - dig a hole two feet deep and lay trees there, pour them and sprinkle them with sand.
And after the frosts, the pit completely filled with soil, leaving only the upper part of the branches visible.
Tree wells need to be prepared in advance: in the fall - for a month and in the spring - for 4-5 months.
The landing pit must comply with the following parameters: plumb walls, at least half a meter deep, minimum diameter 70-120 cm
Next, you need to pour manure (rotten), a bucket of earth from the top layer and mineral fertilizers. Stir until well is filled. 50%.
When the pit is prepared, a stake will be put into it and the tree will be placed so that root neck was 30 cm above ground level, they tie it to a support and put the mixture on the roots.
It should be a low hill.
Next, ground the ground, watered and sprinkled with hay, sawdust or straw.
Proper planting of a seedling is only the first step to obtaining a good harvest.
It is also necessary to organize the proper care of the tree.
It consists of several stages:
- Feeding
Trees grow most actively in the last half of June, at which time they must be fed with liquid fertilizers. On 1 square. m projection of the crown need 10 liters of fertilizer from liquid manure.
Do fertilizing need after rain or before the upcoming watering. You need to pour feed in pre-cooked wells 15 cm deep
- Watering.
The first few years after planting an apple of this variety will need constant watering. From the day of planting to the middle of July you will need water the tree at least 5 times. On one tree will need about 30 liters of water.
Mature trees need to be watered in a different pattern. The first time they are watered in the first half of June, the second time in a month, and then in August again. And in the fall, before the onset of frost, trees are watered for the fourth time.
- Crop.
If you do not cut the tree, the crop will be very modest, since very few side shoots will be formed. As a result, the main branches excessively bend under heavy fruit.
The time for pruning is before fruiting: at the beginning of fruiting, during the fruiting period.
Diseases and pests
In addition to the necessary measures for the care of Renet Chernenko's apple trees, which we talked about above, the protection of apples against pests such as insects and rodents should be brought to the hotel section.
Rodent protection will serve fence of shallow stacks half a meter tall which need to dig into the ground at 30 cm.
Glass wool - if you wrap the trees with it, the rodents will not be able to damage them, and it will also protect the plants from frost.
If rodents gnawed the trunks, you should cover the damaged places with garden pitch and wrap them with foil.
This type of wood is highly resistant to scab, which is its advantage. But if the scab still hit the tree, then you can get rid of it by spraying the tree solution of copper or iron sulphate.
To protect the tree from insects should take a number of measures:
- dig and clean pristvolny circles;
- carry out sanitary pruning;
- whitewash;
- install protective structures;
- spray the apple trees with insecticides.
The variety Renet Chernenko is very valuable, possessing such qualities as: winter resistance, uniform yield, resistance to scab, good keeping quality, partial selfing and good taste of fruits.
Watch a video on how to protect an apple tree from rodents.
