Features of growing carrots in the Moscow region and the whole of central Russia. When to plant a vegetable?

Varieties of carrots are varied. However, when choosing seeds, each gardener must take into account the particularities of the area where he wants to harvest a large amount of crop of root crops, as well as the climatic conditions inherent in the region.

Because the humidity, the terrain and the temperature of the air directly affect how the crop will grow. Based on the nature of the region and you need to choose varieties of carrots.

Climate features of the central European part of Russia: Moscow region, Leningrad region and others

Under the middle band of Russia they understand the regions of the country that are in its central European part: Moscow region, Leningrad region, the Volga region, the Black Soil Region and others. A distinctive feature of these regions is considered to be a moderately continental climate comfortable for human life and planting.

The winter in this region is moderately cold, the summer is moderately warm.. In this climate zone cyclones are often dominated. The warm autumn of the central regions of Russia has a beneficial effect on carrots, allowing it to accumulate all the vitamins and minerals necessary for growth.

Thirteen regions of Russia belong to the middle lane, in addition to them seventeen more regions border on the central territorial units.

Most preferably, in order to grow carrots in the open ground of the Moscow region and other areas of central Russia, you need to pay attention to frost-resistant varieties, since they do not require a lot of solar heat.

Tables of cultivars for cultivation, dates of sowing and ripening

When can sow, what is the last term?

It is impossible to predict the exact date of planting, because the weather is so changeable, and it is also difficult to say how much you can sow. Under the conditions of planting carrots in the climate of the Moscow region and other areas of central Russia, it is better to prefer medium spring cropsand not those that are sown before winter.

Favorable for planting carrots will be the period when the top layer of soil warms up.

• First of all early carrots are planted in April.
• Then in May there are sown root crops of this type, as middle-late.
• And late varieties of carrots are already planted in May, not later than the middle of the month.

This is due to the fact that the return of cold can have a negative impact on the growth of such types of carrots as medium late and late. With a cold snap, these varieties may further deteriorate the “keeping quality”, and for an early carrot species there are no dangers in planting.

Even if, for example, in the suburbs, a cold snap comes and affects such a carrot, it will not harm it, because the early varieties are not stored in the cellar, but are eaten immediately.

Is it possible to plant carrots in the open ground in June, July?

Carrots are best planted in a timely manner. Landing in overheated ground is dangerous. There is a chance to lose a crop. At elevated air temperatures in the soil, a large mass of parasites reproduce, and they, in turn, can prevent the growth of carrots and damage the young roots of the crop.

Significant is the fact that over the entire growth period, the carrot must gain its mass and acquire a sweet taste. If you plant roots in the summer, the vegetable simply does not have time to accumulate in itself all the vitamins that are useful to man. Therefore, the conclusion is obvious. Landing should be done in a timely manner and taking into account the climatic features of the region.

Differences in cultivation in these regions

When landing

Preparation of inventory, seeds, soil

• Inventory. It is necessary to prepare a shovel, a rake, a garden watering can.
• Seed. Seeds are prepared using the following technology:
  1. The grains are heated by soaking them for 20 minutes in water heated to 50 degrees Celsius.
  2. Carry out the process of disinfection of seeds, placing them for 15-20 minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate.
  3. Saturate the seeds with nutrients.
  4. Grains are treated with growth stimulants, such as aloe juice or the drug "Epin". In the solution of these substances, the grain is kept for a day.

  With this preparation, the seeds give fruiting shoots.

• Soils.
  1. In the autumn, it is necessary to treat the bed where the carrots are planted, from weeds, then dig the ground with a shovel.
  2. To fertilize the land with humus at the rate of 10 kg per square meter and wood ash at the rate of one glass per 1 square meter.
  3. In the spring, before planting carrots, you need to dig up the grooves and moisten them with a garden watering can.
  Furrows should be medium in size. The depth required for planting carrots varies from two to three centimeters. The distance between the furrows should be at least fifteen centimeters, and between the seeds, at least two centimeters.

Choosing a place

You must choose a bright, sunny place on the south side. On the north side, the roots ripen longer. Soil for sowing carrot seeds need loose, light.

Landing process:

1. Open the seed packaging, pour them on hand.
2. Sow the seeds in the grooves and cover with earth.
3. Compact the soil with your hands.
4. To level the land on the garden bed garden rake.

When leaving

Primary

Water the garden, in which the seeds were planted, by sprinkling, using a garden watering can

Subsequent

In order for the carrot to grow sweet and juicy and to bring benefits, you should follow the rules of caring for seedlings, such as:

• Weeding: may be required even before seed germination. Neighborhood with weeds affects the growth of carrots. Weeding should also be carried out throughout the development of the root, as weeds grow.
• Thinning seedlings. The first thinning is carried out immediately after the appearance of carrot leaves. The distance between the seedlings should be about three centimeters. The distance between adjacent carrots leave about 3 centimeters.

  When two pairs of leaves grow, the procedure is repeated, increasing the distance between neighboring plants twice.

• Watering. An insufficient amount of moisture in the soil will lead to the fact that carrots will not be able to fully grow. Excess moisture also has a detrimental effect on carrot growth and leads to decay of its roots.
• Fertilization. During the season, carrots enough to feed a couple of times. The first application is made three to four weeks after the emergence of shoots, the second - in a couple of months.

Harvesting

Early varieties of carrots are dug in July and early August, middle-late varieties in August, and late varieties in September. For late carrots, it is necessary to take into account such a condition as air temperature. In order for the “keeping quality” to be acceptable, you should know the rules.:

1. Early digging carrots are not worth it.
2. You need to dig carrots when the air temperature is about four degrees Celsius.
3. Late digging is also not worth it, negative temperatures contribute to the formation of gray rot on carrots.

Diseases and pests of carrots, characteristic of these places

• Carrot fly. Massive reproduction of carrot flies contributes to warm and humid weather, marshland, planting near trees. Affected roots acquire a purple hue.
• Umbrella moth. Butterflies lay eggs during the flowering period, then caterpillars appear from them, in early July. They entangle and place a web with a web and start to eat it.
• Hawthorn aphid. It settles on the stems and root neck of plants. In the spring, it is transformed into larvae and damages the plants by discoloring them. Plants wither and subsequently die.

Prevention and treatment

For the prevention of disease in carrot seeds, it is necessary to pre-soak. This method has been described above. Such an event will save carrots from pests. A moderately continental climate in central Russia helps carrots grow sweet and juicy.

If you follow all the rules of seed treatment and take care of plants, you can harvest, not worrying about what it will spoil the "pests" of the soil.

Watch the video: CBC NL Here & Now Monday November 13 2017 (December 2024).