Why do garlic diseases occur and what to do?

Many gardeners allocate in their plot a place for planting garlic. Winter varieties are planted in late autumn, and spring - in early spring.

The composition of garlic contains active phytoncides, which scare away pests from other plants. Therefore, this vegetable is often planted between rows of various garden crops or near fruit trees.

Thus, the plant protects the entire area from parasites and diseases. Among other things, it is difficult to overestimate the health benefits of garlic. The article can read why garlic diseases occur and what to do when the plant turns yellow.

How to determine what hit the plant?

Determining what struck garlic is a disease or pest. Just look at its appearance and determine whether the disease is fungal or bacterial in nature, or the plant is struck by small insects called pests.

In either case, late protection may result in the loss of the crop.

Diseases

All garden crops of the onion family are attacked by various insects that are harmful, and they spread fungal and viral ailments.

The main damage to garlic is caused by diseases caused by fungi.. Often the causes of their occurrence are in violation of the methods of growing garlic.

• With a very dense planting of garlic, air to the leaves and root crops is poorly supplied.
• Excessive soil moisture.
• Violation of the rules of crop rotation.
• The presence on the garden of a large number of weeds and remnants of last year's vegetation.
• Improper storage conditions of garlic.

Why do the leaves turn yellow?

Garlic leaves turn yellow most often in spring. What to do?

1. Many gardeners notice that yellowing, mostly winter crops. This occurs in a period of low temperatures in early spring - at this time the plant is most vulnerable. The root system weakens and garlic draws energy from the leaves.
2. The leaves may turn yellow in the case of deep planting. Garlic should be planted to a depth of 5-7 cm. To prevent the leaves from turning yellow, young shoots are covered with transparent plastic foam.
3. When the first spring frosts, the plant must be treated with stimulants, such as "Appin", "Zircon".
4. There is another reason for the yellowing of leaves - sour soil. The acidity of the soil is reduced with lime.
5. The leaves may turn yellow in early spring. This is due to an insufficient amount of nitrogen in the soil. What if the garlic turns yellow because of this? To fill this gap, mineral or organic fertilizers should be added to the soil.
6. With insufficient moisture.

We recommend to watch a video about the causes of yellowing of garlic leaves:

Diseases and control of them, photo

• White rot. Affected leaves fade, turn yellow, starting from the tips. The most intense this disease occurs in dry time. If garlic is infected with white rot, then it will be very difficult to get rid of this fungus. Mineral fertilizers are used to protect the plant from disease, during treatment, and one should not forget about regular watering of the bed.
• Basal rot. The treachery of basal rot is that it is difficult to detect until the leaves have turned yellow. An effective method of struggle is the treatment of planting material with the preparation "Thiram".
• Asperillosis or black mold. The reason for this dangerous disease is inappropriate temperature for normal plant development.

Below you will see a photo of garlic diseases:

Hitting rot

Vegetable crops may rot during growing in the beds or during storage, and the following explains why this happens.

Garlic rot can be caused by bacterial diseases or white rot (Fusarium):

1. Fusarium develops at high humidity and high temperature. With the development of white rot, the teeth become soft and yellow. A healthy plant becomes infected with fusarium through the soil.
2. The cause of decay can be bacterial diseases.

The process of rotting garlic may warn. To do this, before planting it in the ground, it is necessary to treat the heads with a foundation foundation suspension. As prophylaxis use "Fitosporin".

Green mold

The disease manifests itself during the storage of the crop. When the disease progresses, the teeth become soft and they show a bright patina, which after some time turns green.

Garlic is prone to green rot, mainly during storage.. The cause of the disease is high temperature and high humidity in the room. To prevent the vegetable from rotting, carefully ventilate the room and make sure that no condensation forms at the places where it is stored.

White rot or sclerotinia

The fungus that contributes to the development of this ailment affects the plant, both during its cultivation in the garden, and during storage. During the period of active growth of garden culture, the leaves begin to turn yellow, and on the root and roots you can see white bloom.

What is an effective way to combat sclerotinia - is the use of drugs such as: "Kvadris", "Shirlan", "Bumper", "Super".

Green mold and white rot can be fought with the help of folk methods.. To prepare the infusion of poisonous herbs, you must take in the same proportions (50 grams) of crushed greens of calendula and yarrow and pour this mixture with one liter of warm water. Means need to insist 7 days. The finished tincture before use is diluted as follows: 1 liter per bucket of water.

Mosaic

The disease is caused by the chloroplast virus. The following symptoms indicate the presence of mosaic:

• dots and stripes of light yellow color are formed on the leaves;
• leaves become weak and fall.

Fight with the disease is recommended spraying karbofos.

Yellow dwarfism

The disease most often occurs in the case when garlic multiplies for a long time cloves. Virus transporters: aphid, nematode, garlic mite.

Symptoms of the disease:

1. Yellow spots appear on the leaves.
2. Leaves lose their cylindrical shape.
3. Plants affected by the virus, more stunted.

In order to limit the spread of the virus, you need to install a plant barrier. The obstacle can be corn planted around the field.

Rust

This is a pretty dangerous fungal disease. The most common cause of illness is the controversy that has remained in the ground since last season. therefore you need to respect the correct rotation of garlic culture.

Rust control measures:

1. Planting material should be treated with a formalin solution of the following composition: 1 part formalin (40%) and 250 parts water;
2. the bed before planting should be treated with Fitosporin-M;
3. if there are quite a few rust marks on the sheets, then you will have to use the following preparations: “HOM”, “Oxyh”, copper sulphate, 1% Bordeaux mixture, saline or tar soap.

We recommend watching a video about garlic rust and how to combat the disease:

Downy mildew (perinospora)

The disease is caused by pathogenic fungi.. Distributed by air. It is a very dangerous disease, it spreads at a high speed and requires quick response to prevent the death of a culture.

Ridomil Gold MZ 68WG, Areva Gold Vg, Quadris 250SC are used to combat respeciation.

Fusarium

Fusarium or hot climate disease, cause fungal pathogens. To grow a healthy harvest, experienced gardeners advise using EM drugs to combat this disease, and sprinkling garlic with biofungicides: Mikosan, Biosporin, and Bioorid. Chemicals are also effective: HOM, Maxim.

Folk methods:

• The solution of lactic serum in a ratio of 1:10.
• Processing plants soda ash 40 g per 10 liters of water.

We recommend watching a video about garlic fusarium and disease control methods:

Bacteriosis

The disease is provoked by bacteria. Damage in the form of small hollows and wounds is visible on the affected garlic heads. The teeth change color to yellow. One of the causes of bacteriosis is insufficient drying of the root before storage. There are still circumstances contributing to the development of the disease - a high temperature and high humidity.

Measures to combat this disease:

1. Soil treatment drug "Hom".
2. Phosphate top dressing into the soil.
3. Use of insecticides.

The most effective drugs to help the gardener

So that during storage garlic is not exposed to contamination, it is necessary even before harvesting to carefully remove the storage place of the spicy vegetable from plant debris. You should also fumigate it with sulfur dioxide - this will be a good disinfection.

Folk remedies

Board: Experienced gardeners are advised to use safer means in the fight against diseases, namely, herbal infusions and other gentle mixtures.

• Infusion of tobacco. You need to take 250 grams of tobacco and a spoon of bitter pepper. Pour the mixture with two liters of hot water and leave in a warm place for 3 days. Then filter and bring the volume to 10 liters. Some add an additional 30 g of liquid soap to the mixture. Sprayed plants and soil 1 time in 6-7 days in May, and then in the month of July.
• Wood ash. It is necessary to take 10 g of ash, a teaspoon of hot pepper and a tablespoon of shredded tobacco. This mixture is suitable for pollination landings 2-3 times per season. This tool is effective as a preventive measure.

Prevention rules

1. One of the main rules - compliance with crop rotation.
2. In the autumn you need to carefully remove the beds from last year's plant residues.
3. Planting material must be of good quality.
4. Before planting, the teeth must be treated in a solution of potassium permanganate or in saline.
5. Since rot tends to accumulate in the ground, garlic can be planted on the same bed in 3-4 years.
6. Planting should be thinned regularly and remove weeds.

Conclusion

Cultivation of garlic is invariably accompanied by the manifestation of various ailments.. Many of them are almost impossible to cure. Therefore, it is very important to adhere to preventive rules. The most effective protection is the correct and timely care of the plant, and the continuous fight against parasites.

Watch the video: What is Garlic Good For? Benefits and Medicinal Uses for Garlic (November 2024).