Having decided to grow vegetables or fruits on their own, an aspiring gardener is faced with many nuances and secrets that need to be learned and mastered, because the quantity and quality of the crop depends on them. And in this article we will find out how to improve these indicators when growing cucumbers in greenhouses.
Purpose of the procedure
Cucumbers, like any cultivated plant, require additional attention and care from a person — only in such conditions will they develop properly. In the absence of properly perfect formation and garter, this plant simply cannot fully grow and bear fruit. 
Important! The formation of bushes with cucumbers will help not only to grow a good harvest, but also to rationally use the available space, which is extremely important for any gardener.
If the procedure is not performed, then in a very fast period of time the bush will fall into neglect and will look like wild growth - such a plant will have large amounts of nutrients spent on excess shoots.
Such varieties of cucumbers as "Finger", "Cedric", "Spring", "Courage", "Amur", "Kibriya", "Emerald Flow", "Ecole", "Graceful", "Libelle" , "Merengue".
This will make the fruit smaller and less tasty, and the lack of full coverage in general will weaken the plant.
Therefore, the formation is an important procedure, which can not be neglected, if your goal is the high quality of the final product. 
Do all cucumbers need shaping?
To get a good result, all cucumbers need a similar procedure. It is recommended to do both when grown in greenhouses and in the open field.
Although some gardeners say that without a garter and a plant, the plant grows better and gets more moisture, the practice says the opposite: without a support, the plant begins to look for other ways of weaving and spreads to neighboring ones.
Learn more about growing cucumbers in a greenhouse: why they wither, how often and how to water them properly, how to cure cucumbers in a greenhouse, how to feed them.
In this case, the stems break down, dry up and do not receive adequate nutrition.
Therefore, it is preferable to carefully care for cucumber bushes - the main thing is to use a method suitable for the variety and to adhere to it correctly. 
Did you know? Homeland of cucumbers is considered the foot of the Himalayan mountains. There the plant can still be found in the wild.
Basic rules for the formation of bushes
Each element of the formation of bushes has its own special technology.
Garter
There are various ways of garter:
- Horizontal - 2 metal or wooden supports are installed in the ground, and a string or rope (between 25-30 cm) is stretched in several rows between them. It can be supplemented with vertical ropes - this will facilitate the growth process for the plant. It is important to make the supports high enough, otherwise the hanging tops will shade the lower tiers.
- Vertical - 2 supports are also installed, and a rope is drawn between them at the very top. Along the entire length of the rope should be placed strips of fabric (2-3 cm wide) and lower them down. The number of stripes should correspond to the number of planted bushes. Tie the lower end of the fabric around the base of the cucumber. Thus, the plant will grow and curl itself around the fabric support.
- Combined - for this purpose it is enough to tighten the grid between the supports. This will help the plant to freely traverse the sections of the grid, and the beds themselves can be formed into convenient and compact groups.
To implement the correct garter, you must follow the basic rules:
- when the plant reaches the height of the first horizontal wire (or other type of support), the stem must be carefully tied to the support.
- you need to tie up freely, without pulling the plant, otherwise you can pull it;
- stalks should be carefully wrapped around the support clockwise every 7-10 days;
- the top of the bush must be free, otherwise it will begin to turn yellow;
- lateral shoots are preferably tied to the central stalk or positioned close (but the deflection angle should be no more than 30-35 °).
Learn more about the different ways of cucumber garters.
Leaf removal
Below at a distance of 15-20 cm there should be no leaves (especially yellowed, torn and those that touch the ground), as well as hemp from them. 
They need to be carefully cut off (not to break off), because the water leaves on the lower leaves all the time when watering, in any case they quickly become unusable, and the food needed for the fruits is spent on them.
Removal of side shoots
Side shoots (or stepchildren) should be regularly removed in accordance with the recommendations:
- together with the first leaves, lateral shoots are also removed when they reach 3-5 cm;
- late removal adversely affects the growth of the plant, so it is important to carry out the procedure on time, otherwise the damage will be hard to repair;
- It is very important to carefully remove the stepsons on the varieties where the female flowers form on them, and the male ones are concentrated on the stem. If you do this inattentively, you can be left without a crop.
Important! Proper removal of shoots contributes to the formation of an earlier crop and the emergence of more female flowers.
Topping
Some varieties are not subject to removal of lateral shoots. It is enough for them to pinch (remove only part of the shoot).
Learn more about the secrets of pinching cucumbers.The result brings the timely and proper conduct of this procedure according to certain rules:
- the central stem is usually pinched when it reaches the top wire;
- The central shoot is pinned if the bush is formed in 2-3 stems. Thus, the side shoots branch more, tying a new crop;
- pinch the side stems should be very carefully, if the main crop is formed on them.
How and why to pinch cucumbers: video
How to shape cucumber bushes depending on the variety
Depending on the variety, the principles of bush formation differ.
Partenocarpic
Partenocarpic varieties do not require insect pollination to form the ovary and develop fruit from it.
This type of cucumber must be pinned to regulate the density of the bush. These varieties have the ability to quickly grow young shoots, so if you do not carry out the formation in time, then there will simply be no free space in the greenhouse. 
In order to properly perform the procedure, you must follow some recommendations:
- in the axils of the first 5 leaves, flowers and shoots are removed;
- further left about 6 side shoots (their length should be less than 20-25 cm);
- the next few shoots too pinch (the maximum length of these shoots 35-40 cm);
- several subsequent shoots are shortened to 45-50 cm;
- The main central whip needs to be fixed on the trellis. When it reaches its maximum length, the top must be cut or rolled down.
Bee pollinated and branched
Bee pollinated varieties require mandatory pollination using insects, otherwise the ovary is not formed.
To self-pollinated varieties include such as "Zozulya."
The peculiarity of such species is that mainly male flowers grow on the main shoot, which do not give fruit. And female flowers are located on the side shoots. Therefore, growing in 1 stem will be ineffective.But these varieties are quite suitable for planting in greenhouses, subject to certain rules in the formation of the bush:
- the first 6-7 sinuses pinch (on weakened plants for a few more). Perhaps the implementation of several techniques. It is important to prevent the blooming of flowers;
- in the next 2 sinuses the lateral shoots are removed;
- the next 4-5 shoots are pinned to 1 leaf;
- last shoots pinch on 2 leaves
- when the tip grows into a trellis by 10-15 cm, it neatly fits and 2-3 times wraps around the trellis wire. The operation must be carried out on time, otherwise the stem will break and crack.
Did you know? The first greenhouses for the cultivation of cucumbers were created in ancient Rome. Emperor Tiberius wanted to enjoy the taste of this vegetable every day throughout the year.
Tips and tricks
In order for the procedure to be successful, it is necessary to adhere to some recommendations:
- The formation procedure (plucking) is best done in the morning. Then the wounds on the stem are delayed until the evening, and infections are less likely to get into the plant.
- For cutting, you should use sharp scissors to make the cut more accurate, the plant less injured, and the wounds healed faster.
- When pinching leaves, hemp should not be left, as this causes the penetration of fungal diseases.
- Pinching is only the tip of the escape and do it systematically. Removing a process more than 10 cm, you risk injuring the plant, and it can stop growing.
- During the formation and harvest can not be deployed leaves and shoots. The plant can respond to this by yellowing the leaves and stalling.
- Shoots from which the crop is removed, must be removed along with cuttings.
Adhering to simple rules and showing attention and care to your plant, you can grow a quality crop. After all, products grown with their own hands are the most delicious and most useful: such cucumbers will have a very positive effect on your health and the health of your loved ones.Feedback from network users
