Many gardeners find it difficult to determine the choice of a suitable variety for growing apples on their land.
As a rule, preference is given to universal common varieties, since they are characterized by not complex care, excellent taste and decorative qualities, an annual abundant harvest.
One of these varieties is the Orlinka.
What kind is it?
Orlinka belongs to the summer varieties. Harvest takes about 15-20 of August.
The consumer period is short and lasts until the beginning of autumn.
Crop storage
Unfortunately, the shelf life of summer varieties is short. At a temperature of from 1 to 8 degrees of heat, the harvest will lie no more than 3-4 weeks.
Harvest is best folded in wooden boxes and stored in a cool shed or cellar. Can be stored in the refrigerator. It is not recommended to store in closed plastic bags.
A gardener needs to remember that damaged, crushed fruits deteriorate quickly. If you want to extend the deadline, carefully harvest and inspect each apple.
In specialized stores, customers are provided with additional funds that allow extending the maturation period of the crop (for example, the “Gardener” preservative sorbent or the “Fitop” preparation).
Although they are in demand among gardeners, it is risky to treat them. Not all chemicals are safe for health.
It is better to sprinkle vermiculite with acetic acid on top of the drawers. It is an organic, natural material, not hazardous to health.
Pollination
Orlinka is one of the few self-propelled apple trees. However, it can be a good pollinator for other summer varieties.
You can put Melba, Papirovka or Moscow Grushovka next to her.
Description variety Orlinka "
For an experienced gardener, it is not difficult to distinguish one popular variety from another. What are the signs you can recognize Orlink?
Apple tree looks like this:
- The trees are tall. The crown is thick and rounded.
- The branches are located on the trunk rather compactly and grow to form an almost right angle. Ends rush up.
- The bark of the main branches, branches and on the trunk is gray, smooth.
- Shoots are fleecy, large, thickened, brown, weakly split.
- Kidneys tightly pressed, large, elongated, conical.
- The leaves are large, rounded ovoid, pointed, with helical tips. Blade matt, pubescent, wrinkled and slightly concave. Along the edges of the leaves are large-leaved with large-crested serration.
- The buds of flowers are large, elongated, fleecy. Flowers bright, pale pink color. Apple tree blooms profusely and very fragrant.
Apple fruits are as follows:
- Apples of medium size - about one hundred and fifty grams. But often larger specimens are found - up to 200 grams.
- Fruits are one-dimensional, beveled, rounded, slightly ribbed. The skin is glossy.
- The main color of the mature skin is green-yellow. During laying, it becomes more pronounced and yellow. A pink blush covers the entire surface of the fruit.
- The flesh is creamy-white, sweet and sour. At the tasting, Orlinka was given almost four and a half points for evaluating the appearance and taste.
- The stem is small, curved. Seeds are small, dark brown.
A photo
The appearance of the variety of apples "Orlinka" can be seen in the photo below:
Breeding history
Orlinka appeared due to a group of Russian breeders: Z.M. Serova, E.N. Sedov. and Krasova N.G.
To do this, scientists, researchers have pollinated varieties of the United States Stark Erliest Prekos pollen domestic varieties First Salyut.
The work was carried out in 1978 in the scientific research institute for breeding fruit crops. After 16 years, Orlinka was admitted to the State test.
Natural growth region
The variety is zoned in the Central Chernozem region at the beginning of the 21st century, where it was further disseminated.
It is grown in different areas: Oryol, Perm, Moscow, Vladimir, Kaliningrad, etc. The variety adapts well, growing on fertile and medium-fertile soil.
It is not recommended to grow in the northern areas with long cold winters, as the Orlinka does not have good winter hardiness.
Yield
Orlinka is considered skoroplodnoy and gives high yields, which surpass even Melbu. With one young apple trees can be collected from 30 kg of fruit per season.
The apple tree enters fruiting 4-5 years after planting.
Planting and care
Learning to take care of the Orlinka apple tree is not difficult. Follow the simple tips and recommendations for growing and care.
This will serve as a good prevention against pests, will contribute to good development and growth.
The development and growth of the apple tree in the first years of life will depend on the choice of the place and time of landing.
Be attentive to the recommendations.
Landing time:
- An apple tree of the summer variety is preferably planted at the end of spring. By this time, the snow should be completely gone, the night frosts will end, and in the daytime the temperature will warm the air and the earth.
- in the fall, you can plant it no later than September, so that the seedling can adapt and settle down before the first cold weather comes.
Place of landing:
The tree grows well in a lighted, open area. It is better to plant it from the south, southwest or southeast side of the plot.
It should receive enough solar heat and light. In the shade, the quality and quantity of the crop is reduced, and the growth of the apple tree may slow down.
Soil features:
- For growing apple trees, it is advisable to choose a place with fertile soil. If the land is “poor”, be sure to apply organic fertilizer (peat, humus, ash) before planting.
- If the soil is too acidic, you will have to extinguish it with lime.
- Land should be light, loose, well pass oxygen and moisture to the roots. Heavy, clay soil will not work. In this case, add sand.
- Be sure to pay attention to the level of groundwater. If the water comes close to the landing site, make a good layer of earthen above.
How to plant a seedling:
- For planting, you need to dig a deep and wide hole (approximately 40 by 40 cm) so that the roots are placed at the bottom freely.
- Then in the center of the pit to make an earth mound and apply fertilizer.
- Put the seedling vertically in the center, spread the roots, drip with earth and ram a little. Pay attention to the level of the radical neck. It should be above the ground.
Caring for an apple tree of this variety is not difficult. Grow it on the site will be able as an experienced gardener, and a novice.
The most important thing is to give the apple care, attention and follow simple tips that will help you grow a tree without any problems.
Watering
Water the apple tree regularly and mildly. She really does not like excess moisture. To prevent moisture from stagnating, many gardeners make a groove for water outflow near the tree.
In hot weather, water only in the evening to prevent burns.
Over the soil
From time to time it is necessary to weed the earth, to clean the grass, dry foliage. This is especially important to do in the early years of growth.
In hot summer, the ground should be well burst, so that the top layer of the earth is not too hard and dry.
This will allow better moisture to the roots during watering and rain.
In rainy weather, loosening the earth will help eliminate excess moisture in the soil.
Fertilizers
In the first year, you can not feed the apple tree, and from the second year to make potash, nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers. Starting from 4-5 years you can also make urea and humate.
Fertilizers are applied with irrigation, diluted in water.
Pruning
Pruning is carried out in the spring before the appearance of the kidneys. Old dry branches and branches are removed. Sapling especially needs pruning.
This will help to properly form the crown and serves as a prevention of the appearance of diseases and pests.
In winter
Before the onset of cold weather, gardeners cultivate the soil under a tree and make a thick thick layer of mulch (sawdust, hay, humus, bark). This will help to survive the cold, and in the spring will serve as food.
You can take care and protect the bark from rodents. To do this, the trunk is wrapped with spruce.
Diseases and pests
It is always more difficult to fight pests than to comply with preventive measures. therefore many gardeners spray chemicals in the trees in the spring. This should be done before flowering and blooming of the first buds. Also, be sure to feed and make pruning of old branches and knots.
Among common apple pests It may be noted: moth, aphid, tsvetoeda, sawfly, scythe, and others. Pest control is carried out in the spring. The tree is sprayed with karbofos, metaphos, chlorophos.
Of diseases a particular danger is scab. The fungus most often affects due to lack of oxygen and an overabundance of moisture in the root zone.
To combat the treatment conducted Bordeaux liquid and copper oxychloride.
Another common fungal disease is powdery mildew. Against it, the drug topaz or fast.
Apple Orlinka is considered a very good choice for growing in many regions of our country. It attracts attention with simple care, good taste and decorative qualities, good immunity against diseases.
If you give her care and care, she will delight you with a bountiful harvest for a long time.
