You decide to plant and grow orange tree from the stone.
Of course, you can get a beautiful tree on which sooner or later bright, tasty fruits will appear, but you need to follow some rules and secrets of growing it.
The specifics of transplanting and caring for a plant, a photo of how to grow an orange from a bone at home, how to plant it, you will find everything you need in this article.
Growing at home
From bones
So, with the right care and home-made orange, made on time will begin to bear fruit after 6-7 years.
Before planting an orange from a stone, the stones themselves are soaked for about 12 hours. They prepare a mixture for citrus fruits, which can be purchased at the store.
Bone decorative orange placed in a pot, laying it on its side, sprinkled with a layer of soil, which is moistened. A pot with a planted bone is covered with a transparent cap and put in a warm and bright place.
IMPORTANT! Do not allow hit on sprouts of direct beams - the orange will die.
Shoots should appear in 4-5 weeks. The largest and well-developed specimens are planted in separate containers and are also grown, Like a tree bought in a store.
How to plant?
Before planting an orange from a stone, it is necessary to know that vaccination is the main procedure for ensuring the fruiting of an orange. There are two ways of vaccination:
1. A handle
Before the procedure, the stalk is cut from the already fruiting specimen. If you cut the stalk earlier, for example, brought it from afar, then store in the refrigerator. For storage, wrap the end with wet cotton and place the blank in the bag. Thus, the graft will last about a month.
Before the procedure, branches and spikes are removed from the workpiece. The vaccination site is wiped and cut t-shaped. Then the bark is folded over and a cut is attached to the stem.
Fix the design with a vaccination tape or tape, wrapped with polyethylene and put in a warm bright place. The package is removed after about 3-4 weeks, and after another two weeks - remove the harness. If the graft did not turn black, but only turned yellow, then the procedure was successful.
2. Budding
Uh
then the eye graft, that is separate kidney from a fruiting plant.
The eye must be asleep, since the recommended time for such vaccinations is autumn.
With the onset of spring, the peephole will wake up and sprout.
The peephole is placed in the side section of the trunk, wrapped with a film.
Orange sprout should appear after 3-4 weeks.
In addition to the popular method of growing from the stone, the plant can be propagated vegetatively.
Inoculation
Inoculate an orange graft on a lemon stock. It is recommended to use for these purposes an evergreen indoor orange.
A handle
From the fruit tree separated stalk with 3-4 developed buds. The length of the blank is 10 cm. It is cut from non-woody twigs that do not break, but bend.
Root-treated cuttings, placed in a wet substrate in greenhouse conditions. Roots harvesting gives in 3-4 weeks. The cutting quickly begins to grow and leaves appear on it.
After rooting the cuttings seated in a bowl with a mixture of turf, sand, humus and sheet mixture. When transplanting, try not to damage the delicate roots. In the first year, a sprout is rolled over three times into a new pot and soil, with an interval of 1 month.
Layering
On an adult tree, a twig is selected that is 1 year old. Branch length - 25 cm, diameter - 0.5 cm.
At a height of 12 cm from the base 2 cuts are made in a circle, the bark is removed from the site.
A cut pot is put on this cut. so that the cut point was at its center.
Halves are fixed and filled with moss. Above the pot to preserve moisture wrapped with film.
Twig will give roots in a month. It is carefully cut off and put in a separate container. Further rooting should be carried out for 15 days in the shading place.
Buying a ready seedling
Buying ready grafted seedlings is an easier way to get fruit in a short time than, for example, growing oranges from pits at home.
After buying the plant need to transplant replacing shipping container and substrate. But don't do it right away. Orange first should get used to the new conditions. A transplant is best done 3-5 days after moving to a new location.
The young tree is placed in a mixture of two parts of turf, and one part of humus, sand and leaf mixture.
How to care?
Orange is a child of light and heat. It follows located near the eastern or western windows and maintain the temperature within 20 degrees, not allowing the sun to enter the plant. For successful cultivation, you need to know how to care at home.
Watering and fertilizer
Orange is moisture-loving, so in the summer and spring they water it every day. And during the dry period, twice a day.
If the air in the apartment is dry, it should also be sprayed. But in any case, do not overwet the soil, the roots of this rot.
Water for watering take settled or boiled, as salts contained in tap water are destructive.
Caring for the care of indoor orange at home in winter and autumn, watering should be reduced up to one, two times a week.
For fertilizing apply special fertilizer, alternating it with a solution of chicken manure. Fertilizer is applied with watering once every one to two weeks.
How to achieve flowering?
To orange well bloomed you need to form its crown with trimming. This is necessary because the flowers appear on the shoots, starting with the fifth order. This means that for abundant flowering it is necessary to stimulate their growth.
IMPORTANT! Spring branches 10-15 cm in length pinch. It is necessary to tear off the second and third leaflets from the top of the shoot, leaving the uppermost one on it. In place of dangling leaves buds will appear, and from them shoots will grow, with which they carry out the same procedure.
You will get a lush bush with short and often growing shoots. When the 4th order branches appear, the formation can be considered complete. It is this tree that will later give a lot of flowers.
Further pruning consists of removing dried branches and shoots that grow inward. For the formation of buds it is necessary to provide a temperature of 18 degrees.
Fruit formation
We can not allow the development of ovaries on all blossoming flowers. Only 2-3 fruits are left for the first year, a plant of 4-5 years can be allowed to grow from 6 to 10 fruits.
Orange - self-pollinating view however, you can help him. To do this, use a soft brush to move inside one flower, and then inside another.
Your attention indoor orange in the photo:
Winter care
For early flowering need proper wintering. During this period, provide a cool, 10 - 12 degrees, rare watering. This rest period stimulates growth during the growing season.
IMPORTANT! Without a cold wintering of flowers, and therefore the fruit can hardly be waited.
Transfer
The frequency depends on the age of the plant. I plant a sapling once a year, a plant of 3-4 years - once every two years, 5-7 years old - once every three - four. Pots are prepared a few centimeters more than the previous.
Transplanted orange by transshipment with a lump of land. There should be a sufficient drainage layer at the bottom so that the roots are not over-moistened with excessive watering.
Diseases
This culture is subject to various fungal diseases, the cause of which is the overmoistening of the soil. The most dangerous of them is gamma treatment (hommoses).
When infecting, the bark of the trunk and roots die off, and a yellow liquid begins to emit in the diseased areas. The cause of the disease is buried planting in combination with root injury when loosening.
Small affected areas can be cleaned and treated first with a disinfecting solution, and then with a garden cook. If a significant part of the plant is affected, it will not respond to treatment, it is disposed of.
To prevent antarocnosis, wart and other fungal infections Bordeaux fluid is recommended.
IMPORTANT! A tree diseased with viral diseases cannot be cured.
Why do leaves fall?
All problems and diseases of orange are associated with improper care for him. Therefore, if the leaves turn yellow and fall, it means You make the following errors:
- abrupt change in conditions of detention. Flower growers love to stroll their pets on the street or balcony. If the plant stood in a cool place, and then abruptly fell into a warm room, leaf dumping is guaranteed;
- improper watering. Neither overdrying of the soil, or its overwetting is unacceptable. He also does not like dry air;
- overfeeding Too much fertilizer is not good. The plant is fed once a week, and in winter it is not fertilized at all;
- lack of light. You can not keep it on the northern windows or in dark corners;
- high temperature content in the winter. Do not place an orange near the batteries during the heating season. If the air in the apartment is dry, spray the leaves with water once a day.
Pests
Citrus Worm: insect covered with filamentous processes on a 5-mm body. It settles on the underside of the foliage, leaving a powdery deposit.
Ways of struggle - treatment with a solution of household soap, and then an insecticide.
Shchitovka: covers leaves with brownish specks. The body of the insect is covered with shell, which is impermeable to poison.
Therefore, the pest is peeled off the leaves with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol or a soap solution.
For the prevention of the crown after the removal of insects treated with insecticide.
Aphid: its appearance is signaled by sticky plaque on the leaves. Ways to combat aphids are similar to the fight with the shield.
Red citrus mite: notice this pest is very difficult, because it is very small. He settles on the entire surface and pulls out the juice from it.
The plant begins to lag in growth, the leaves and fruits are deformed. To prevent tick infestation, an orange is sprayed with a 2% oil emulsion.
How to plant in the open
This is possible only under the condition that in winter the temperature does not fall below 12-15 degrees. If you live in a climate zone with a harsher climate, it can only be grown in a greenhouse.
For planting, an elevated site is selected, in which trees are staggered. Planting is done in spring, in well-cut and abundantly fertilized soil. For nutritional value, the soil is enriched with organic fertilizers.
When planting, the root collar is slightly buried so that when it is watered it is at ground level. The land is lightly crushed, watered and mulched. Watering until complete rooting is carried out once a week, moistening the soil abundantly.
Care is watering and compulsory loosening. Mineral feedings are carried out twice during the vegetative period. In hot, sunny days, the plant should be pritenyat. To avoid burn leaves.
In addition to watering and loosening Fungicides and insecticides should be sprayed regularly. This is necessary because the orange tree is easier to protect from diseases and pests than to be cured.
